Sunday, January 12, 2025

Dan Stulbach

Dan Stulbach, the actor, was born in Brazil in 1969.  He graduated in Social Communication at the Higher School of Advertising and Marketing in Sao Paulo.  There, Dan created a theater group from which he directed shows.  

Later, he lived in San Diego and New York studying English and taking advantage of opportunities to see movies and plays.  Dan bears a resemblance to the American actor Tom Hanks.

I first saw him in the Brazilian telenovela, Mulheres Apaixonades (Women in Love), where Dan portrayed Marcos, a man who occasionally beat his wife with a tennis racquet.

Several months ago, we learned that Dan had rented an apartment in our building in Sao Paulo.  Cristina and I were anxious see the celebrity in our midst.  I saw him a couple of times.

Last month I was standing by the elevator in the building's garage waiting for Cristina to park the car when a man approached me.  I told him in Portuguese that I was waiting for my wife.  He noticed my foreign accent and asked me where I was from.  I asked him where he thought I was from.  He guessed Germany.  I corrected him.  

When Cristina arrived, she engaged the man in an extended conversation.  When she finally entered the elevator with me, I asked whom she was talking to.  Dan Stulbach.  I had not recognized him in the somewhat darkened garage.

The very next day, Cristina and I were on our way to our local cinema to see the film, Ainda Estou Aqui (I'm Still Here) starring Fernanda Torres.  On the steps in front of our building, we ran into Dan again.  

This time we engaged in a conversation with him in both Portuguese and English.  It turns out all three of us saw Tom Hanks in his Broadway play, Lucky Guy.  Dan got a chance to briefly meet Tom backstage.

Very soon after the movie started we were shocked to see our new friend Dan was in Ainda Estou Aqui as a family friend (Baby) of the protagonist (Eunice).  When does that ever happen...to see a person on the street...and then in a movie on the same day?

Very recently at the Golden Globe's award show, Fernanda Torres won the Best Actress Award in a Drama.  I thought of the scene she had, one on one, with our friend, Dan Stulbach.  

    

Sunday, January 5, 2025

Mrs. Tootsie Doubtfire

Tootsie is a 1982 American satirical romantic comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack.  It stars Dustin HoffmanJessica LangeTeri GarrDabney ColemanCharles Durning, Bill Murray and Geena Davis

In the film, Michael (Hoffman) is a talented actor with a reputation for being professionally difficult to work with.  In order to get a job acting, he adopts a female persona (Tootsie), the opposite of his male persona.

Mrs. Doubtfire is a 1993 comedy.  It stars Robin Williams, Sally Field and Pierce Brosnan.  

In the film, Daniel (Williams) is being divorced by his wife (Field).  As a devoted father, he yearns to remain close to his children.  Because of this, Daniel adopts a female persona (Mrs. Doubtfire) and lands the job as his children's nanny.

Neither Tootsie nor Mrs. Doubtfire were actually female.  They simply adopted a female role, both acting and dressing as such.  During the Twentieth Century, such people were referred to as transvestites, now replaced by the term transgender.

From 2014 to 2015, Rachel Dolezal was the president of a local chapter of the NAACP (Spokane, WA).  In spite of the fact that both of her parents were White, Rachel "identified as a Black woman."

Rachel was forced to resign as president.  Apparently, you can't simply identify as Black...you must be Black.

William Thomas was born male in 1999.  In 2019, he decided to identify as a woman and adopted the name Lia Thomas.  Lia then switched from the men's swimming team (at the University of Pennsylvania) to the women's swimming team.  

William/Lia went from being a mediocre swimmer on the men's team to a NCAA champion on the women's team.  Apparently, you can simply identify as a woman (transgender) to compete as a woman...even if you are a biological male, with all its advantages.


Sunday, December 29, 2024

10th Anniversary

Ten years ago I started my blog.  Below you can read my first post.  I hope you will enjoy reading it again or for the first time.

I don’t remember whose idea it was originally, but it quickly galvanized into a joint project.  Frank Ruggio and I would travel to New York City for a weekend to remember for the rest of our lives.

I met Frank in the seventh grade in the Fall of 1957.  My family moved from the eastside of Oswego, New York to its westside shortly before Thanksgiving the previous year.  From before I was born, we had rented one-half of a two-family house at the corner of East Third and Oneida Street.  It was a great location, across the street from a large park, where my brothers and I would often go to play.  However, my mother longed to have a dream house of her own and eventually, my father arranged to give it to her.  Unfortunately, it was on the opposite side of town and would require my transferring to Kingsford Park School.
When the second half of the school year began in January, I had to make the big switch.  My mother notified the proper authorities at the school so I was expected on day one.  She drove me to school and told me I had to go to an office just to the right after entering the building.  I wanted her to walk me in, but in her wisdom, she knew it was the right thing for me to go by myself.  It was one of the scariest moments of my young life.
I was assigned to one of the two sections of the sixth grade.  I was escorted to the classroom and, once inside, the teacher assigned me to a an empty desk almost in the middle of the room.  I could feel all eyes were on me, but I looked straight ahead at the teacher.  She started asking the class some questions and I felt confident enough to raise my hand offering correct answers.  My acumen won me over to a number of males in the class and was quickly accepted as a new friend.
Since sixth grade was considered “Grade School,” my fellow students and I basically stayed together in our classroom for the rest of the academic year, the end of June.  In September, after Labor Day, we advanced to seventh grade, which was considered “Junior High School.” There, we would have a home room, where we started each day, then pass individually from classroom to classroom, studying various subjects with different teachers.  I remember my homeroom teacher, Mr. Thomas Genovese, who was also the shop teacher.
It was there one of my friends introduced me to Frank, a friend from his neighborhood, who had been in the other section of the sixth grade.  We hit it off immediately.  We became best friends from that point until I went away to college six years later.
Why did we become best friends?  Well, he was quiet, but spoke up when he needed to.  Interestingly, in class he stuttered, but not with his peers.  Like myself, he was not judgmental, and we accepted each other as we were.  In our high school yearbook, he wrote I was the most stubborn person he knew.  But, he put up with me.  We had many things in common, especially an interest in sports.  He was more athletic than I was.  But, we both were enamored of spectator sports, especially the number one sport of that era, baseball.  He was a big fan of the New York Yankees and Mickey Mantle.  My team was the New York/San Francisco Giants and Willie Mays.  In October 1962, we were on opposite sides in the World Series.  That didn’t interfere with our friendship.
I think we started hatching plans for our trip at the beginning of the school year, in September 1962.  We came up with the idea of attending as many sporting events as possible over a weekend at the lowest cost possible.  First, living in Oswego, a small town of about 20,000 inhabitants, the only live sporting events available were high school sports.  The biggest was the cross-town basketball rivalry between our Oswego High School Buccaneers and the Oswego Catholic High School Crusaders.  Thirty miles away was Syracuse which offered the NBA’s Nationals (Nats), Syracuse University football, and the minor league Chiefs baseball team.  If we were courageous, New York City was 300 miles away which offered the most options of any place we could imagine.
In the 1960s, live major league sports were on television very little compared to today.  There was one baseball game on Saturday afternoon in the Spring and Summer.  Saturdays in the Fall included one college football game.  Sundays, we could watch the New York Giants football game.  In the winter, there was an NBA game on Sundays.  College basketball and pro hockey were not available on television.  On the other hand, boxing on TV was big. 
There were more sports alternatives available on the radio.  I remember listening to Yankee and Met baseball games, Nats basketball games, and Syracuse U. football games on the radio.
All of this whetted our appetites for attending live sporting events.  We needed time to plan our trip and that moved us up to the end of the year, past baseball season, but at a time when basketball, football, and hockey were all ongoing.  Our first problem was to find out what games were available.  Today a quick trip to the Internet will give you all the information you want.  In 1962, we had to send letters to the various teams to inquire about there respective schedules.  Eventually, we found a particular Saturday night, December 8, when the Nats were hosting the Boston Celtics, Sunday afternoon, December 9, when the New York Football Giants would entertain the Cleveland Browns, and that same Sunday night, the New York Rangers would skate against the Boston Bruins.
We needed money to buy tickets.  Ticket prices, even calculating for inflation, were not nearly as expensive as they are today.  But we were two poor high school students.  Frank was from a middle-class family with five children.  If he wanted money for such a fantasy, he would have to get a job or find ways to earn money.  He did.  My family was better off, but I too had to earn the money, which was easier for me.  My father gave me a job at the dairy where he was the General Manager.  It sold a few products such as milk and ice at the dairy’s office on Sunday mornings when many of the grocery stores in town were closed.  I was the lone salesman there from nine to one every Sunday and it was never very busy.  My father was very generous with my hourly wage.  As soon as we had enough money, we mailed away (with money orders) for our tickets.
We next needed to arrange for our transportation.  Frank’s father wanted to come to the basketball game, so he would drive us to the Onondaga County War Memorial in Syracuse, home of the Nats.  After the game Frank and I were on our own.  It would end at about 10 PM and the Greyhound Bus to New York City would leave at 2:30 AM.  It would arrive early Sunday morning, in plenty of time to get to the old Yankee Stadium for the 1 PM kickoff.  After that, we could take a subway to the former Madison Square Garden at Eighth Avenue and 50th Street for the hockey game.  Next, there would be another overnight Greyhound Bus back to Syracuse that would arrive early Monday morning.  In 1962, there was a Oswego-Syracuse Bus Company that offered bus service between the two cities.  That is how we would arrive back in our home town, too late however to be on time for school on Monday, December 10. 
We needed a minimal amount of money for food and souvenirs, but none for lodging.  We were going to sleep Saturday and Sunday nights on a Greyhound bus.
At the time of the trip, I was 17 years and four months old.  I was about 8 months removed from going off to college.  The previous Summer, I spent two weeks on my own at Clarkson University in Potsdam, New York, taking part in a science and engineering program.  The other students and I lived in dorms and were basically on our own.  My age and this particular experience I think convinced my parents that I was trustworthy enough to go on this trip to New York.  And also that I was not going alone.  However, there were no cell phones in 1962 so that we could keep in touch.
Along with a couple of friends, Frank, his father, and I left Oswego in the Ruggio family car at about 7 PM on the night of Saturday, December 8, 1962.  I was very excited.  We arrived at the Nats home court in plenty of time and found our seats high up above the court.  When I was younger, my father had season tickets and several of us in the family would regularly go to Nats games, sitting very near the court.  However, tonight we were sitting where the cheapest tickets bought you.
Up until that point in my life, I had always been a Nats fan.  Unfortunately, their record of success was considerably less than that of the visiting Boston Celtics, who had won four consecutive NBA championships.  Therefore, on the spur of the moment, I decided, face to face with greatness, to root for the Celtics, in front of a huge crowd of Syracuse fans, including the friends I was with.  Instead of being a silent rooter, I became outspoken, making a fool of myself whenever Boston scored.  That triggered a reaction from a young hometown supporter, of about my age, sitting in front of me who started hitting me with his rolled up program whenever Syracuse scored.  I normally was not a belligerent person, but I didn’t know what to do.  None from my party came to my rescue, to ask this young man to cut it out.  It was as if they were all too into the game to take notice of my plight, or as if I had asked for such punishment.  He kept it up until the final horn sounded, when the score stood at Nats 102, Celtics 97.  What was I thinking? 
It was ironic that, more or less one year later, I saw the same two teams play again, but under different circumstances.  I was in Philadelphia as a college freshman.  The Nats had moved there too to become the Philadelphia 76ers.  I didn’t make the same mistake twice, rooting the hometown Nats/76ers to victory over the hated visitors from Boston.  I have only rooted for the Boston Celtics once in my life.  Never more!
Back to my story!  The game ended at about 10 PM and Frank’s father and our other friends departed for Oswego.  Frank and I had about 4 and a half hours to kill before our bus left for New York City.  Frank and I had never talked about what we would do with this time. 
Frank immediately mentioned that he would go to a porno movie theater a few blocks from the War Memorial and from the Greyhound Bus Station.  Coming from a very puritanical upbringing, I was shocked by what Frank said.  I couldn’t believe he wanted to do this or even that he knew about such a place.  I did not try to talk him out of it, nor did I agree to join him.  We went our separate ways, agreeing to meet at the Bus Station at 2:00 AM. 
Instead, I walked to the nearby Hotel Syracuse where the Celtics would spend the night.  As their next game was not until Tuesday in New York against the Knicks, the Celtics would not leave Syracuse until Sunday morning.  Therefore, I could hang out in the hotel lobby collecting autographs.  I remember Red Auerbach, Bob Cousy, and Tommy Heinsohn.  Then I spotted rookie sensation, John “Hondo” Havlicek.  Apparently he was hungry and he headed for the coffee shop on the street level of the hotel.  I was very familiar with the hotel as my family would use its lobby and restaurants whenever we visited Syracuse.  I followed him into the coffee shop where he sat down at the counter.  I nonchalantly sat nearby.  He ordered a sandwich; I ordered coffee.  After a minute, I asked him if he was indeed John Havlicek, even though I had no doubt he was.  Without smiling, he admitted his identity and gave me his autograph.  We resumed eating and drinking.
As time got closer to midnight, the lobby started emptying and I decided to walk to the Bus Station and kill time there before Frank’s arrival at 2 AM.  I had bought a program at the basketball game and read and re-read it several times over the next couple of hours.  I also studied the clock a lot.  Finally, 2 AM arrived, but not Frank.  2:05 and no Frank!  I started to get worried.  2:10 and still no Frank!  I left the Bus Station and walked the completely empty streets a few blocks away to the porno movie theater, arriving at 2:15.  I stood across the street from the entrance.  I couldn’t even bring myself to stand directly in front of it.  The marquee lights were still on signaling that customers were still welcome to enter.
I was in a state of panic.  What had happened to Frank?  I assumed he was still inside the theater.  But why hadn’t he left to keep our appointment at the Bus Station?  What ever was going on inside couldn’t be more important than what we had been planning for months.  We each had our own tickets for the bus rides and the Sunday games.  If we didn’t get to the Bus Station in 15 minutes, our bus would leave without us.  The next bus was at 7 AM and we would miss the afternoon football game.  What to do?  Should I return to the Bus Station and get on the bus, hoping that Frank would soon join me?  And if he didn’t, should I go without him?  Should I wait there on the street for Frank to finally come to his senses, but which would probably mean both of us would miss the 2:30 bus and the Giants-Browns fooball game.  I was a big Giants fan and it would be my first time at one of their games.  It never dawned on me that I should enter the theater and look for him.  The movie theater in Oswego was very large and it would have been very time-consuming to find anyone there.  Should I enter the theater and call out his name?  What to do?  It was a cold December night in Syracuse, but I was sweating.
Finally, at 2:25 AM, I saw a lone figure run out of the theater and continue running down the street to my right, in the direction of the Bus Station.  I ran too and we joined up when he crossed over to my side of the street.  It was Frank and his watch had stopped.  Miraculously, he realized this virtually at the last possible moment before all would be lost.  We continued running to the Bus Station arriving with a couple of minutes to go.  As the driver still had a few things to do before departure, we realized the bus was not going to leave exactly at 2:30.  Frank said he was hungry and wanted to go to the coffee shop inside the Bus Station to get a hamburger.  I insisted that Frank not leave me again as I waited by the bus.  He didn’t argue.  Unbelievably, we were both on the bus as it headed for New York City.
On the ride south, neither of us discussed our respective experiences over the last four hours.  It was the middle of the night and we were tired.  We fell asleep and stayed that way until our arrival in New York.  The Port Authority Bus Terminal at 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue was pretty sleazy back in 1962.  We had to use the men’s room to get cleaned up as best we could.  The room could have used some cleaning up as well.
We had donuts and coffee for breakfast as we were on a budget.  Frank said he wanted to go to a mass at Saint Patrick’s Cathedral on Fifth Avenue and 50th Street.  We had plenty of time before we had to leave for Yankee Stadium.  However, again I did not want to go somewhere with Frank.  And again, it had to do with my upbringing.  Frank was a very religious Catholic, so going to a mass at the famous Cathedral would be special.  My parents had taught me that, as a Jew, this was a place to fear, to fear that my Jewish identity would be stolen from me.  I could not even enter the building.  I could not even go with Frank and wait for him outside.  We agreed he would meet me at 11:00 AM back at the corner of 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue.
At about 10:30, I decided to go outside the warm Port Authority building and wait for Frank on the cold street.  After a few minutes, a young man approached me and started a conversation.   Raised to be polite, I thought it only natural that I reciprocate.  However, after a few minutes, he invited me to have a cup of coffee with him.  A bell went off in my head and I politely refused, saying that I had somewhere to go.  It was awkward because I was standing where Frank and I had agreed to meet at the top of the hour.  I quickly circled the block, hoping that the young man would be gone when I returned.  I started wishing that I had gone with Frank in the first place.  When I got back, he was gone.  Unlike in Syracuse, Frank returned on time and we headed to Yankee Stadium.
This time we had great seats, for a baseball game.  They were on the field level, behind the first base dugout.  Unfortunately, we were at a football game.  At the beginning, it was great as we could clearly see the numbers on the backs of the player’s jerseys as they were introduced and ran out on the field.  As the game began, however, it became difficult to see how far downfield the ball advanced after each play.  Besides my Giants, I was looking forward to seeing in person one of the greatest football players ever, Jim Brown of the Cleveland Browns.  Good for my Giants, Brown didn’t have a great game.  He dropped a sure touchdown pass and New York won, 17-13.
After the game, we went back downtown for the final event, the hockey game, a sport neither Frank nor I knew much about.  But, it was a sport.  My only recollection of the game was the fat Ranger goalie, Gump Worsley, who wore a brushcut, but no mask.  This time Boston won, 4-2. 
Now we were back at the Bus Station waiting for our uneventful return trip home.  Our adventure had been everything we had hoped for.  We had attended three major professional sporting events in two cities within about 24 hours.  How could we ever top that?  My Oswego High School friends noted me for my “weekends in New York City” in our Class of 1963 Yearbook.
Almost  exactly a year later, I went on a similar trip, this time by myself.  On Saturday, December 7, 1963, I attended the Army-Navy football game in Philadelphia in the afternoon (Navy won 21-15) and then took a Greyhound bus to Atlantic City, New Jersey, to attend the Middleweight Championship boxing match between Dick Tiger and Joey Giardello (the winner by decision) that night.  I’ve never done anything like that since.
Unfortunately, I lost track of Frank when I went away to college in August of 1963.  I entered a new world and met new friends.  I thought I didn’t need my old friends any more.  How stupid!  You never have enough friends. 
Early in 1988, I was contacted by an old high school classmate about a twenty-fifth Class of 1963 reunion that August in Oswego.  By then I had been living in New York City, of all places, for the previous twenty years.  I had been back in Oswego only once since my parents left in 1971 and I hadn’t spoken to Frank in more than twenty years.
However, the reunion sparked a new interest in my old life in Oswego.  I started thinking about Frank and about our weekend in New York that December of 1962.  I excitedly looked forward to seeing him again and talking especially about that night when I was standing waiting for him outside the porno movie theater.  I knew that I should have gone with Frank that night (my watch didn’t stop) and with him the next day to Saint Patricks Cathedral.  It was something that only he and I had experienced and I wanted to share it again through our collective memory. 
I went to the Friday night reunion which was held at a restaurant in Oswego.  I arrived right on time, which is not customary.  A few of my classmates were setting things up for the party.  Some I recognized and some I did not.  I finally found one whom I remembered and I asked about Frank Ruggio.  It felt like she punched me in the stomach when she told me he had died of lung cancer six months before.      
I’m sorry that Frank died much too soon, leaving a daughter and a granddaughter.  I’m sorry he wasn’t there that night in August of 1988. I’m sorry I lost our friendship which had been so important to me.  I’m sure that without Frank, I wouldn’t have made that trip to New York City in December of 1962 that I will remember for the rest of my life.  I’m sure Frank remembered it for the remainder of his.

Sunday, December 22, 2024

Paladin, Chapter 2

 EXT. ROAD FROM SAN FRANCISCO TO WINDFALL - DAY

PALADIN and POLLYANNA ride horseback together along the trail to their destination.  PALADIN wears his traditional all-black travel clothes.  Strapped to his right leg is his handcrafted .45 caliber Colt single action US Army Cavalry model revolver, built to his specifications, resting in a black holster which shows off his personal iconic figure, a golden chess knight, the most dangerous player on the board of a game he knows well.  Strapped to his saddle is a lever-action Marlin rifle.  Hidden in PALADIN's belt is a two-shot Derringer for emergencies.  POLLYANNA wears pants, loose-fitting shirt plus cowboy hat and boots of the day.  

EXT. FURTHER ALONG ROAD TO WINDFALL - DAY

PALADIN and POLLYANNA continue their journey at a subsequent location.   

PALADIN: Tell me about Windfall.

POLLYANNA: It's a growing town.  We all think it has a real future.  There are a lot of ranches and farms in the area.  The population's growing.  I moved there a few years ago.  

PALADIN: From where?

POLLYANNA: Cheyenne, Wyoming.  What about you?  How did you get into your line of work.

PALADIN: That's a long story.  So what do you do in Windfall?

POLLYANNA: That's a long story.

Sunday, December 15, 2024

Oswego Theater

 As you know, I grew up in Oswego, New York.  As you also know, I love movies.  Part of the reason came from going to the movies in my youth.

The first movie theater in Oswego was the Capitol Theater built in 1921 at 100 East Second Street, a stone's throw from my original home at 30 East Oneida street (at the corner with East Third Street).  I don't remember seeing a movie there.  It had 844 seats.  It was torn down in the 1950s.

Next came the Strand Theater in 1939 located at 149 West Second Street.  I remember one time I went there in the 1950s with my brothers Paul and Ted to watch the 1939 adventure film Beau Geste.  It had over 1,000 seats.  The Strand was torn down during the 1950s, but after the Capitol.  

Oswego Theater, now known as Oswego 7 Cinemas, is a historic movie theater located at 138 West Second Street (across the street from the Strand). It was designed in 1940 in the Art Deco style and opened in 1941. 

The front of the Oswego Theater features bands of yellow, red, and dark red brick that create broad horizontal and perpendicular belts. A pair of cast stone, accordion pleated vertical stripes are included on the facade. It was designed by architect John Eberson (1875–1964).

So, why did Oswego lose two of its three movie theaters during the 1950s?  Television.  Why pay for entertainment at the movie theater when you can get something free at home?

My earliest memory of going to the Oswego Theater was the Saturday morning shows for children.  It usually consisted of a Tarzan film or a western plus a lot of cartoons.

It seems strange now but my family would arrive at the Oswego Theater without regard to the schedule as to when a film would begin.  We would enter in the middle of a movie and see it to the end.  Then we would see the beginning until one of us would say, "This is where we came in."  I believe this was a common practice for families during my youth.

As my father did business (milk) with the theater manager, my family could get into the movies free.  However, instead of having a physical pass card, we would simply say, "Lasky," to the ticket taker.  It was embarrassing.  

Some of the movies I remember seeing at the Oswego Theater are From Here to Eternity (1953), Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), 20000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954), Vera Cruz (1954), Them! (1954), Blackboard Jungle (1955), Bad Day at Black Rock (1955), Marty (1955)The Searchers (1956), Giant (1956)Gunfight at the O. K. Corral (1957), Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), Run Silent, Run Deep (1958), Ben-Hur (1959), Spartacus (1960) and The Parent Trap (1961).   


Sunday, December 8, 2024

Date in Infamy

"Yesterday, December 7, 1941 a date which will live in infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.

The United States was at peace with that Nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its Government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American Island of Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.

Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong: Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.

Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our Nation.

As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.

But always will our whole Nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.

No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.

I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.

Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.

With confidence in our armed forces with the unbounding determination of our people we will gain the inevitable triumph so help us God.

I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire."

Sunday, December 1, 2024

Gangs of New York

Gangs of New York is a 2002 American epic historical drama film directed by Martin Scorsese and based on Herbert Asbury's 1927 book The Gangs of New York.  The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Daniel Day-Lewis.

Gangs of New York was nominated for ten Academy Awards, including Best Picture (won by Chicago).  It didn't win any.

The film is set in 1863 (during the American Civil War), when a long-running Catholic–Protestant, nativist-immigrant feud erupts into violence, just as an Irish immigrant group is protesting the threat of conscription during the Civil War. Scorsese spent twenty years developing the project. Principal photography took place in CinecittàRome and Long Island CityNew York City.

Amsterdam (DiCaprio) and Bill (Day-Lewis) are leaders of rival criminal gangs in New York City.  Unknown to Bill, Amsterdam is the son of a rival gang leader he killed years before.

The Civil War draft riots break out just as the two rival gangs are preparing to fight, and Union Army soldiers are deployed to control the rioters. As the rival gangs fight, cannon fire from ships is directed into Paradise Square, interrupting their battle shortly before it begins.

Many of the gang members are killed by the naval gunfire, soldiers, and rioters. Bill and Amsterdam face off against one another until Bill is wounded by shrapnel. 

Historically, on July 11, 1863, (8 days after Gettysburg) mobs, mostly of foreign-born, especially Irish, workers surged onto the streets, assaulting residents, defying police, attacking draft headquarters, and burning buildings to protest their conscription into the Union Army.  Immigrants mostly arrived in northern cities and their numbers gave the north an advantage over the south in the war.

One thing that struck me about this movie was that Bill's gang was made up of the grandchildren of immigrants (now nativists), while Amsterdam's gang was of current immigrants.  I have never forgotten that I, a native born American, am a grandchild of immigrants to the USA.